For some, that the world is as it is suffices to justify their belief in God. For others, the existence of God is incompatible with the world as they find it. Do facts about this world make God’s existence more or less plausible? What kinds of arguments support our conclusions and what are their limitations? How do we decide on the right way to describe the world and from what perspective? If the evidence cannot determine whether the existence of God is more or less likely, then should we see the disagreement as merely a reflection of different personal feelings, attitude and commitments?
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A teleological argument, or argument from design, is an argument for the existence of God or a creator based on perceived evidence of order, purpose, design, or direction — or some combination of these — in nature. The word "teleological" is derived from the Greek word telos, meaning "end" or "purpose". Teleology is the supposition that there is purpose or directive principle in the works and processes of nature.
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Outline the Anthropic Principle, Probability and Intelligent Design. How does Darwinism answer these? |
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The Anthropic Principle was first put forward by F.R. Tennant, who was one of the first to accept the coexistence of evolution and the design argument. According to him, the apparent purpose of evolution allows the design argument to work, as it appears to be directed by intelligence. If something was moving toward a goal, then there must be a guiding hand.
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Outline and assess the process theodicy and free will defence |
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The process theodicy was initially developed by A.N. Whitehead, and then later by David Griffin, and is a radical viewpoint that argues God, as a reality, is not fixed, and is still developing. God is not an omnipotent being, and He did not create our universe because the universe in itself is an uncreated process, in which God forms a part, meaning He is bounded by natural laws. The result of this is freeing God from the responsibility of evil that He would otherwise have to face, whilst still allowing Him to be personal and involved in our lives.
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